Bryan Velazquez Essays (522 words) - Politics, Political Corruption

Bryan Velazquez Rathbone Intro to Public Admin 22 September 2017 Topic Report 1 The era I have chosen to write about is the beginning of it all and how the study of public administration was introduced to the United States. This all began with an essay written by a man named Woodrow Wilson in 1887 and in that essay he addressed the problems within the government and how corrupt it has been during those time and how it should be fixed. He had a question that many people in the United States have today about the government and that is, how does the government work and operate? Wilson believed that the government needed to be reformed in order to make it more efficient and he believed that public administration would cure and help this problem of inefficiency and corruption. The impact that this had on the field of public administration is that it introduced the Idea of finding out exactly what the government does and how it operates and realizing that it isn't efficient and is corrupt and needing to fix that. The public was introduced to this and followed the idea and Wilson had many people who understood his essay and who agreed with his idea of public administration. Without that essay in 1887, the whole idea of the study of public administration could've been nonexistent and we would still be dealing with inefficiency and corruption in our government which we actually are still dealing with this today but it isn't as bad as before to some degree. This essay was obviously a positive change because it brought the study of public administration to life and opened the publics eyes to this. With that said Wilson contribution to public administration has been bigger than any other person on this earth and that is something remarkable. His idea still has a ways to go because even today the government is inefficient and very much so corrupt and that was the main reason why he wrote that essay, to end corruption and to fix the government but to also figure out how it operates and that is pretty much solved because for the most part we know how the government works but we don't have much say as to what they do with the power that they have. Public administration is still a topic that if you ask many people what it means and what the purpose of it is they won't know and that's a major problem that we have in today's world because it is vital to know about all the public organizations in our country and how they work. There really isn't much more to it than that, he is considered the man who began the study of public administration and changed the topic for the better and made it mainstream to the public. References Adah, Ogabo . "The contribution of Woodrow Wilson to the field of Public Administration by Ogabo Adah." Academia.edu, www.academia.edu/7987979/the_contribution_of_Woodrow_Wilson_to_the_field_of_Public_Administration_by_Ogabo_Adah. Accessed 20 Sept. 2017. "Wilson's View on Politics and Administration." ILLUMINATION IAS , 30 July 2010, blessan.wordpress.com/2010/07/31/wilson%E2%80%99s-view-on-politics-and-administration/. Accessed 20 Sept. 2017.

The Denial of Service Attacks essays

The Denial of Service Attacks essays One of the most common attacks on insecure e-commerce systems comes in the form of denial of service attacks. Denial of service attacks can literally overload a server to the point where it can no longer function. This shutdown halts all business transactions that were taking place at the time, and does not allow for potential transactions. When a company's computers are clogged up by this form of attack they lose profits and business just as they would, had it been a traditional store that had to close its doors. There are a few different kinds of denial of service attacks. They all are malicious and are intended to harm the site they are aimed at. The most common form of this attack is known as a SYN Flood. SYN stands for synchronize sequence number. A SYN Flood starts when a malicious computer creates a TCP connection with the intended site. This connection originates as a request for information from that site's server and contains an ID that tells the server where to send that requested information. Normally the server would respond to the request by sending an acknowledgement back to the computer, which originally sent the ID. When the acknowledgement is confirmed the server then sends the requested information to their computer. When the SYN Flood attack happens however, the computer contacting the server sends it requests with false ID's over and over. The server can not get the acknowledgement that it needs to send the information back to the requesting computer, and the connection stays open until it times out. When this process is repeated over and over the server uses up all of its possible connections, and any le gitimate client or customer cannot connect to that server. This form of attack incapacitates the company's server eliminating all potential business. Another form of Denial of service attack uses PING. PING stands for packet Internet groper and what it does is checks whether a server is working or not and al...

Disucssion question about teaching ELL learners in their own langauge, Essay

Disucssion question about teaching ELL learners in their own langauge, and do i - Essay Example In practice, this is a complicated question. Too often, students are taught exclusively in their native language, and never encouraged to learn the new language. Research bears out, it takes years to develop an understanding of a new language, so it is beneficial for the student to continue learning in their home language and allow time to solidify knowledge in the new language. One has to ask, does bi-lingual education mean teaching all ELL learners in predominant ELL language of the geographical area? If not, then how could students of more obscure languages find adequate instruction; surely, not all public schools can accommodate Vietnamese or Russian students without greatly sacrificing the quality of instruction. In theory, I don’t think there should be a question of whether it’s necessary. A democratic society doesn’t have to ask if it â€Å"believes† in multi-culturalism, as pluralism is inherent in the very foundation of our republic. What I know, is that by not encouraging bi-lingualism and progressively defined education, our nation will distinguish the flame of creativity that has carried America to international prominence over the last two

What makes a property sustainable and how could we increase the Essay - 1

What makes a property sustainable and how could we increase the percentage of the building stock that is sustainable - Essay Example This calls for efficiency in technology supply and change in lifestyles in managing the type and resources present in a country. The usage of resources further depends on the environmental awareness, learning experiences, the value and availability of the resource, type of household and normative pressure. Property sustainability is affected by product manufacturing and assembly, building structure, maintenance system, waste disposition, material extraction, and replacement (Bulg, Leimgruber, Huni and Scholz 2009). The 2008 financial crisis that hit the world led to weakening of the housing markets and vulnerable populations, and this called for planners to redesign programs that promote sustainable home ownership. The move helped to lower risks, protect the environment while assuring robust returns to investors as they are less prone to shortfalls in returns. The major concern is usually technology, ecology and green performance. This implies that social infrastructure should be able to satisfy the present generation while posing no threat to the future generation. Thus, sustainable property should enable human systems in realizing their capabilities without posing any social inequality (Lorenz and Lutzkendorf 2005). The increase in carbon dioxide emissions is propelled by the energy used by people in heating, lighting and running the daily activities. Given that these emissions pose a serious and adverse effect on the climate change, an effective remedy to this menace needs to be developed. In this effect, initiatives that ensure that homes minimize the use of energy through building of sustainable property help to combat the emissions. Facilitated by the Sustainable Home Code, planners have introduced the buildings are constructed upon codes that enhance a greener way of living thus benefiting the society at large. There has been

Which of Hitler's key Mistakes Had the Greatest Effect on His Defeat Research Paper

Which of Hitler's key Mistakes Had the Greatest Effect on His Defeat in World War II - Research Paper Example Most of the reasons discussed are researched from books and publications that put their focus on the matters surrounding the Second World War, especially those that pay keen attention to the fatal decisions made by Hitler leading to his defeat. The fact that Germany through their leader Hitler lost the war after having played a significant impact in the First World War makes the discussion of its failures interesting. B-Summary of evidence The German Navy’s principal mission at war was to cut the life of Britain’s maritime by means of a blockade. The blockade was arrived at because Britain was an island and the barricade would result in it losing out on metals, fuel, and other elements, which were imported by the merchant ships. It was expected Britain’s forces were to be crippled to the ground by the move and consequently they were to be hit by a consistent air bombardment movement that was anticipated would make Britain surrender (Bevin, pg102). This strategy a gainst Britain would indeed work for the Germans, as in the World War I, the submarines owned by the Germans had succeeded in cutting the amount of British owned merchant ships which were sunk. Regardless of this fact, the German Navy constructed for the World War II was the same to the previous one. Germany’s failure to invest in additional submarines, instead choosing to undermine the British maritime strength hampered the success of Hitler’s force (Carolin, pg56). The German submarines were the greatest risk to the British, but were consequently extremely few, and the slow development of other submarines did give Britain ample time to adapt to the risk and survive with massive endeavor and terrible losses. By the time the German naval force had grouped itself better, the challenge posed by the British was enormous as the latter had a wholly developed antisubmarine force which overwhelmed Hitler’s men. Hitler may have won the war, supposing his strategists foc used on constructing numerous submarines instead of the inconsequential battleships. The war could have been won in Hitler’s favor prior to the US and Russia joining in the war. There were numerous cases of murder by the regime, and the fear of severe punishment created fear in the criticism or even yet provides advices that were not favorable, or even to wake up the dictator late in the night whenever an emergency case presented itself. In such establishments, an individual formulates all the significant decisions and too numerous fewer decisions, and it is almost not possible to transform whatever is on the individual mind, such as Hitler prior to or after the individual formulates a foremost mistake. Deciding on Hitler’s failure or mistakes during the war is centered in the context of whatever his focal purpose and intentions were. Hitler’s original short term military aspiration was to overcome the regime of Stalin in the Soviet Union, by means of a highly c oncentrated but short war, and the lasting annexation of the Eastern European region land (Samuel, pg48). That included the Eastern side of Russia of the Urals for the objective of increasing the economic authority preferably by means of agriculture. The aspiration well articulated in the invasion of Poland, was Hitler’s primary propelling objective in the short term. However, Hitler decided on defeating France prior to taking on Stalin and his men. Hitler’s desire was to acquire a free hand to combat in the East. However, that did prove to be Hitler’s mistake. Stalin was at that time detested all throughout the Eastern and Western Europe. Therefore, Hitler would be able to mount warfare with Stalin, the only factor being Poland getting on the way due to its geographical positioning. However, the

The significance of management information systems

The significance of management information systems Introduction: It is said that Modern economy is economy of knowledge the one who are advance in specific information and communication technology continue to transform the competitive goals into reality. Information technology has completely changed the position of business now the ways are completely changed from traditional to internet based information systems. It included the information required during communications, transactions, production of goods, provision of services and operational management. Organizations resources must be quite efficient and effective to meet the needs for competition. All the management of organizational and business processes, required level of knowledge about customers needs, and it should be capable to put that information to right department with organization on time that can produce quick response to changes in business environment. It is issue that the manager should have deep understanding of how to use information and technology to support and then to mana ge the organizational and business processes accordingly to meet get the competitive advantages. This assignment makes discussion over the role of information technology in supporting organization strategy, application of information systems, use of this information system to support business processes. It also discuses role of information system in the process of operations, manufacturing, cost management, quality. It will also cover the activities to build effective information system. In this assignment we will also examine the alternative information system; we will look into current technologies and their use in marketing. At and before making conclusion we will make a analysis about the use of data base for marketing by e-marketing and e-Commerce. Later we will make a link between the use of all new modern information systems and marketing techniques to the planning of business especially the developing business. Because it is all about adopting a solid practical approach while adopting new information systems so that business could grow and it can bring profits to the investors. 1: Significance of Traditional and internet based information system. Information system can be defined as information system,  an integrated set of components for collecting, storing, processing, and communicating information. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010) It further says that Business firms, other organizations, and individuals in contemporary society rely on information systems to manage their operations, compete in the marketplace, supply services, and augment personal lives. For instance, modern corporations rely on computerized information systems to process financial accounts and manage human resources; municipal governments rely on information systems to provide basic services to its citizens; and individuals use information systems to study, shop, bank, and invest. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010) It is very clear that all kind of human activities these days rely on information and it is perfectly said as age of information. The existing information system can be easily divided into two main groups one is traditional way of information and other is internet based information system. We can put following ways of information into traditional information system: Direct Books Letters Newspapers Gazettes Journals Reports While the internet based information includes Websites Blogs E-newspapers and journals Emails Both the traditional and internet based systems have different and unique importance in business. Both have advantages and disadvantages over each other. They can not be put into same level of importance while we see into their different use according to needs of the business. They both can be placed on equal importance level that varies from one situation to other. There are situations where one can be preferred over the other easily. Traditional system is effective where in-formations are required for all time anywhere in all circumstances without facing the problem of electricity cuts and internet availability. While internet based system is effective where the issue of time is important factor and there is requirement of fastest delivery of information. 2: Use of Information system in operations, manufacturing, cost management, quality. Now a days information system is more important and integral part of business. Information system is a greatest tool for acquiring competitive advantage over the market competitors. If it is use effectively during all the business process from planning to quality assessment it can bring amazing fruits to the organizations. A successful organization requires understanding of organization behavior, leadership and management, societal, ethical and legal issues, relationship management, and strategic management. Operations management focuses on managing the processes of production and distribution of products and services. Major, overall activities often include product creation, development, production and distribution. Related activities include managing purchases, inventory control, quality control, storage, logistics and evaluations. An effective information flow on time is a key in all the operation process if one thing is delayed all can go into waste or delays in production which can bring cost to the organization. A great deal of focus is on efficiency and effectiveness of processes. Therefore, operations management often includes substantial measurement and analysis of internal processes. Information system always plays key role in all operations and without continuous flow of right information at right time one can not complete operation effectively. There should be always a focus on flow of information through effective information system or systems while conducting operations for successful businesses. Manufacturing is another important issue in a business the perfect information systems brings quality and accuracy in manufacturing its noticed that all business organization always take great care during manufacturing because when dealing products its the product at end which bring profits to the investors. What are the details of product being manufactured and what processes will be followed play important role the information system of the organizations decide the right move at right time and try to win the advantages. Quality is always the advantage that can be crucial in markets. The issue of quality also depends on the flow of right information at right time for an organization. If there is problem with right information or its delivery to related people on right time it can bring problems for organization. Overall what the process is being implemented the role of information and its right time delivery play vital role in business success and should be taken seriously whether its the process of operations, manufacturing or its about the quality concern. 3: Information System Role in competitive advantage and management. Information system is deciding factor in the business success for any company or organization. Whether it is providing product or it is giving services. If an organization has effective flow or right information with in organization that is right at right time and managers are abele to control it properly that brings the advantage to that business in the competition with other competitors. But if that system of information fails at any stage it brings decline in profits and earnings. Similarly a good management is always equipped with quality of information and it knows how to in place that information while doing their job from planning phase to making overview at end of year about the business performance. 4: Activities to build information system. The activities include in a building of an effective information system are inputting data, processing of that data into information, storage of data and information, then the production of outputs such as management reports. This needs a proper system which consists of following systems Decision Support System, implementation system and monitoring system. A manager should keep closer monitoring and liaison with his colleagues during all the process and activities so that he could control the flow of information according to needs. These activates can be arranged as following:- Problem recognition and specification Information gathering Requirements specification for the new system System design System construction System implementation Review and maintenance 5: Alternative systems of information. Alternative system for information are all those new and innovative fast systems of information delivery and safety which are replacing the traditional systems of information like direct information, newspapers, books documents etc. In modern world these alternative systems include systems which are based on new technologies like internet, phones, computing gadgets (i-phone, i-pad, multi media and data books). These systems can be categories according to their effectiveness and advancement. 6: Current technology and their use in marketing and data mining. Due to the explosion of information systems, businesses progressively have the ability to attract higher numbers of customer data in large databases. However, much of the useful marketing insights into customer characteristics and their purchase patterns are largely hidden and untapped. Current emphasis on customer relationship management makes the marketing function an ideal application area to greatly benefit from the use of data mining tools for decision support. A systematic methodology with use of new technologies can be used to manage the marketing and data mining. This methodology can be the basis for enhancing customer relationship management. This technology includes internet, telecommunication, and computing. In modern time there is growing and expanded use of these three tools in marketing and data mining. As we can found many ways of advertising and marketing as websites, advertisement on different websites, similarly there are is different software for data mining which making things more easy. 7: Use of data base for marketing by e-marketing and eCommerce. Internet marketing is Achieving marketing objectives through applying digital technologies. These digital technologies include Internet media such as web sites and e-mail as well as other digital media such as wireless or mobile and media for delivering digital Television like cable and satellite. E-Marketing is gaining more influence on consumers buying decisions and televisions influence on awareness is decreasing. E-Marketing gets you closer to customers by creating a dialogue, asking questions and learning about customers preferences. E-Marketing is about people and making sure that the process, like all marketing, is people orientated far too many times it is producer or technology orientated and businesses wonder why it doesnt work. Before the internet, consumer purchases were restricted by time, geography, location, and physical store space. In the digital economy, buying is unlimited by these constrictions. But internet brought the revolution and it brought market in the rooms. On other hand Electronic commerce or E-Commerce is buying and selling products or services over the Internet. The meaning of electronic commerce has changed over the last three decades. Originally, electronic commerce meant technology such as Electronic Data Interchange and Electronic Funds Transfer. E-Commerce has lowered barriers to entry in the selling of many types of goods and services as it allows small and medium sized businesses to compete the web is not the high street. Data is central thing in both the e-marketing and e-commerce because it is the tool that connects buyer and sellers. Data base is the availability of specific data which required operating the process of e-marketing and e-commerce. There is a systematic way to organize that data on networking and internet. This required latest computer technology which could fast and effectively handle all the data flow and processing so that all marketing, buying selling could be made profitable. Conclusion: During the past two decades, business managers and scholastic researchers have shown significant curiosity in understanding how information technologies can help to create competitive advantage for a business. Recently idea of competitive differentiation through IT has become a challenge. Specifically, it is argued that by demarcating specific types of capabilities, we can put in to better understanding of the sources of IT-based competitive advantage. Theoretically, we distinguish here between value, competitive, and dynamic capabilities as three distinct types of capabilities. The study tells that information system play vital role in the process of management and planning and developing business can grow only bye the adaptation of effective use of these modern technologies which shape these systems. Whether its about the business or marketing of that business planning is key factor that makes a business success or failure. So it is very important for firms to adopt such policy whi le planning the business that they could effectively benefit from these modern technologies and methods of information systems. At the end its all about the good planning through effective and suitable information system that bring a business into success or failure.

Nick Carraway - Biased Narrator of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby :: Great Gatsby Essays

Nick Carraway - Biased Narrator of The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby, a novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. It is a novel that tells the story of different peoples lives and how they are intertwined with each other. The story is told from the viewpoint of the character Nick Carraway. It is through his eyes and ears that the reader forms their opinions of the other characters. In the novel the characters trust Nick and confide in him quite a bit. He thinks of himself as an open minded non-judgemental, non-partial person. I think that it is almost impossible to live your life and not judge others and also not be partial and judge different individuals with different standards. Nick wants the readers to believe that the way he was raised gives him the right to pass judgement on a immoral world. He says, that as a consequence of the way he was raised he is "inclined to reserve all judgements" about other people (page 5). His saying this makes it seem like we can trust him to give a fair unbiased account of the story that he is telling, but we later learn that he does not reserve all judgements. Nick further makes us feel that he is a non-partisan narrator by the way he tells of his past. We come to see that Nick is very partial in his way of telling the story. This is shown when he admits early in the story that he does not judge Gatsby because Gatsby had a "extraordinary gift for hope, a romanric readiness". This made Nick more loyal to Gatsby than other characters in the book. Nick overlooks the wrongness of Gatsby's bootlegging, his known associations with speakeasies, and with the character Meyer Wolfsheim, a man rumored to have fixed the World Series in 1919. Yet he is disapproving of Jordan Baker for cheating ina golf game. He also says that he is prepared to forgive this sort of behavior in a woman, "It made no difference to me. Dishonesty in a woman is a thing you cannot blame too deeply, I was causualy sorry, and then I forgot" it seems like he can't accept her for being "incurably dishonest" and then he says that his one "cardinal virtue" is that he is "one of the few honest people" he has ever known.

Psychological tests Essay

Aptitude test is defined as the test of suitability to determine whether an individual is likely to develop the skills required for a particular kind of work (Encarta dictionary, 2008). Aptitude tests are used to calculate abilities over a long period of time, as well as to envisage future learning performance. Example of aptitude tests are the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the American College Testing (ACT)). These tests are both college admission tests explored in the prediction of college success. Special aptitude tests The purpose of special aptitude test raises the concept of fidelity and bandwith. Bandwith determines the breath of the traits that is being evaluated while fidelity refers to the extent to which a particular measure focuses on a particular attribute or quality. These tests are explored to prognosticate on the future performance in a subject that the person in question is not currently trained. Goverment parastatals,institutions and business organization often will apply specific aptitude tests when handing over specific privileges to certain individuals. .Furthermore, vocational guidance counseling may involve aptitude testing to help clarify individual career goals (Microsoft Encarta, 2008). If a person has a similar score in comparison to that of individuals already functioning in a particular profession, the probability of success in that occupation can be predicted by the use of aptitude tests. Certain aptitude tests have a wide coverage that includes skills germane to many different professions. The General aptitude test, for instance aside measuring the general reasoning ability also covers the areas of form perception, motor coordination, clerical perception as well as manual and finger dexterity. Other tests may concentrate on a single area such as the Art, Engineering and modern languages (Microsoft Encarta. 2008). One of the examples of special aptitude tests is the sensory or perceptual test and this concentrates on the discrimination of color and visual acuity. It also involves the auditory senses. Another example of special aptitude test is the mechanical test which includes the test of spatial relations and this demands manual dexterity as well as space visualization. There is also the paper and pencil test which includes the Bennet Mechanical comprehension Test and the Minnesota Paper Formboard. Other special aptitude tests are listed below. The clerical test This includes the Minnesota clerical test that consists of 200 pairs of numbers and 200 pairs of names. It also includes the clerical abilities which is an embodiment of 7 other tests like test of proofreading and copying etc. The art and musical test. The Art ability test includes the Art judgment test in which the participant judges between two pictures and chooses the one that is better. In aesthetic perception test, the participant gives an orderly ranking of 4 versions of the same project. The grave design judgment test also allows the participant to adjudicate the best among a group of abstract pictures. Musical ability test The musical ability test gives an analytical assessment of musical ability and it makes use of tones as well as notes to evaluate 6 components of auditory discrimination. The wing standardized test of musical intelligence explores recorded pianoic songs to assess about 8 areas which include the memory, chord analysis and rhythm.

Biography of Pablo Escobar, Colombian Drug Kingpin

Biography of Pablo Escobar, Colombian Drug Kingpin Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria (December 1, 1949–December 2, 1993) was a Colombian drug lord and the leader of one of the most powerful criminal organizations ever assembled. He was also known as The King of Cocaine. Over the course of his career, Escobar made billions of dollars, ordered the murders of hundreds of people, and ruled over a personal empire of mansions, airplanes, a private zoo, and his own army of soldiers and hardened criminals. Fast Facts: Pablo Escobar Known For: Escobar ran the Medellà ­n drug cartel, one of the largest criminal organizations in the world.Also Known As: Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria, The King of CocaineBorn: December 1, 1949 in Rionegro, ColombiaParents: Abel de Jesà ºs Dari Escobar Echeverri and Hemilda de los Dolores Gaviria Berrà ­oDied: December 2, 1993 in Medellà ­n, ColombiaSpouse: Maria Victoria Henao (m.  1976)Children: Sebastin Marroquà ­n  (born  Juan Pablo Escobar Henao), Manuela Escobar 1:29 Watch Now: 8 Fascinating Facts About Pablo Escobar Early Life Escobar was born on December 1, 1949, into a lower-middle-class family and grew up in Medellà ­n, Colombia. As a young man, he was driven and ambitious, telling friends and family that he wanted to be the president of Colombia someday. He got his start as a street criminal. According to legend, Escobar would steal tombstones, sandblast the names off of them, and resell them to crooked Panamanians. Later, he moved up to stealing cars. It was in the 1970s that he found his path to wealth and power: drugs. He would buy coca paste in Bolivia and Peru, refine it, and transport it for sale in the United States. Rise to Power In 1975, a local Medellà ­n drug lord named Fabio Restrepo was murdered, reportedly on the orders of Escobar himself. Stepping into the power vacuum, Escobar took over Restrepo’s organization and expanded his operations. Before long, Escobar  controlled all organized crime in Medellà ­n and was responsible for as much as 80 percent of the cocaine  transported into the United States. In 1982, he was elected to Colombia’s Congress. With economic, criminal, and political power, Escobar’s rise was complete. In 1976, Escobar married 15-year-old Maria Victoria Henao Vellejo, and they would later have two children, Juan Pablo and Manuela. Escobar was famous for his extramarital affairs and tended to prefer underage girls. One of his girlfriends, Virginia Vallejo, went on to become a famous Colombian television personality. In spite of his affairs, he remained married to Marà ­a Victoria until his death. Narcoterrorism As the leader of the Medellà ­n Cartel, Escobar quickly became legendary for his ruthlessness, and an increasing number of  politicians, judges, and policemen publicly opposed him. Escobar had a way of dealing with his enemies: he called it plata o plomo (silver or lead). If a politician, judge, or policeman got in his way, he would almost always first attempt to bribe him or her. If that didn’t work, he would order the person killed, occasionally including the victims family in the hit. The exact number of men and women killed by Escobar is unknown, but it certainly goes well into the hundreds and possibly into the thousands. Social status did not matter to Escobar; if he wanted you out of the way, hed get you out of the way. He ordered the assassination of presidential candidates and was even rumored to be behind the 1985 attack on the Supreme Court, carried out by the 19th of April insurrectionist movement, in which several Supreme Court justices were killed. On November 27, 1989, Escobar’s cartel planted a bomb on Avianca flight 203, killing 110 people. The target, a presidential candidate, was not actually on board. In addition to these high-profile assassinations, Escobar  and his organization were responsible for the deaths of countless magistrates, journalists, policemen, and even criminals inside his own organization. Height of His Power By the mid-1980s, Escobar was one of  the most powerful men in the world, and Forbes magazine listed him as the seventh richest. His empire included an army of soldiers and criminals, a private zoo, mansions  and apartments all over Colombia, private airstrips and planes for drug transport, and personal wealth reported to be in the neighborhood of $24 billion. Escobar could order the murder of anyone, anywhere, anytime. He was a brilliant criminal, and he knew that he would be safer if the common people of Medellà ­n loved him. Therefore, he spent millions on parks, schools, stadiums, churches, and even housing for the poorest of Medellà ­n’s inhabitants. His strategy worked- Escobar was beloved by the common people, who saw him as a local boy who had done well and was giving back to his community. Legal Troubles Escobar’s first serious run-in with the law came in 1976  when he and some of his associates were caught returning from a drug run to Ecuador. Escobar ordered the killing of the arresting officers, and the case was soon dropped. Later, at the height of his power, Escobar’s wealth and ruthlessness made it almost impossible for Colombian authorities to bring him to justice. Any time an attempt was made to limit his power, those responsible were bribed, killed, or otherwise neutralized. The pressure was mounting, however, from the United States government, which wanted Escobar extradited to face drug charges. He had to use all of his power to prevent extradition. In 1991, due to increasing pressure from the U.S., the Colombian government  and Escobar’s lawyers came up with an interesting arrangement. Escobar would turn himself in and serve a five-year jail term. In return, he would build his own prison and would not be extradited to the United States or anywhere else. The prison, La Catedral, was an elegant fortress which featured a Jacuzzi, a waterfall, a full bar, and a soccer field. In addition, Escobar had negotiated the right to select his own â€Å"guards.† He ran his empire from inside La Catedral, giving orders by telephone. There were no other prisoners in La Catedral. Today, La Catedral is in ruins, having been hacked to pieces by treasure hunters looking for hidden Escobar loot. On the Run Everyone knew that Escobar was still running his operation from La Catedral, but in July 1992 it became known that the drug kingpin had ordered some disloyal underlings brought to his â€Å"prison,† where they were tortured and killed. This was too much for even the Colombian government, and plans were made to transfer Escobar to a standard prison. Fearing he might be extradited, Escobar escaped and went into hiding. The U.S. government and local police ordered a massive manhunt. By late 1992, there were two organizations searching for him: the Search Bloc, a special, U.S.-trained Colombian task force, and â€Å"Los Pepes,† a shadowy organization of Escobar’s enemies made up of family members of his victims and financed by Escobar’s main business rival, the Cali Cartel. Death On December 2, 1993, Colombian security forces- using U.S. technology- located Escobar hiding in a home in a middle-class section of Medellà ­n. The Search Bloc moved in, triangulated his position, and attempted to bring him into custody. Escobar fought back, however, and there was a shootout. Escobar was eventually gunned down as he attempted to escape on the rooftop. Although he was also shot in the torso and leg, the fatal wound passed through his ear, leading many to believe that Escobar committed suicide. Others believe one of the Colombian policemen fired the bullet. Legacy With Escobar gone, the Medellà ­n Cartel quickly lost power to its rival, the Cali Cartel, which remained dominant until the Colombian government shut it down in the mid-1990s. Escobar is still remembered by the poor of Medellà ­n as a benefactor. He has been the subject of numerous books, movies, and television series, including Narcos and Escobar: Paradise Lost. Many people remain fascinated by the master criminal, who once ruled one of the largest drug empires in history. Sources Gaviria, Roberto Escobar, and David Fisher. The Accountants Story: inside the Violent World of the Medellin Cartel. Grand Central Pub., 2010.Vallejo, Virginia, and Megan McDowell. Loving Pablo, Hating Escobar. Vintage Books, 2018.

Canadas Emergence As A Stronger Nation After World War Two essays

Canadas Emergence As A Stronger Nation After World War Two essays In the years following World War Two, Canada displayed its newfound role as one of the leading nations of the world. The conclusion of the Second World War created a time of remarkable economic prosperity throughout the country. Canadas economy boomed as it shifted from being primarily resource based to becoming a significantly service based economy. Also, the end of the war brought a noteworthy political alteration. Canada became increasingly independent from Britain as well as becoming an internationally accepted political power on a world front. Cultural transformations were also clear after World War Two. It became apparent to the Canadian Government that it would have to work to preserve and protect a distinctive Canadian culture and also incorporate the increasing immigrant population. With these changes, Canada emerged from the Second World War as a stronger nation, not only economically, but also in a political and cultural sense. Firstly, the 1950s were a time of enormous growth in the industries of Canada. Prior to the end of the Second World War; Canadas economy was for the most part resourced based. However, with the conclusion of World War Two, Canada shifted to a more service based economy. By 1955, service industries accounted for 50 per cent of the countrys income, with the remaining 50 per cent coming from manufacturing and construction, and the extraction and processing of primary products . Agriculture was still dominant in the primary industries, but forest and mineral products displayed increasing expansion at the time. With the increase of the service and manufacturing industries came an overall boost in the economy. As a result of the success of the service based economy, the gross national product grew from $12 billion in 1946 to something over $30 billion in the first half of 1957 . These statistics show an average increase of 25 per cent per year while the average increase per year in Can. ..

GLOBAL WARMING Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GLOBAL WARMING - Assignment Example But as long as they are unable to bring out the clear guidelines for identifying the offenders of the past , it would create a huge void in their initiatives to mobilize public support. Again the lack of confidence that they show for a open forum discussion exemplifies the political diplomacy rather than political commitment. And, being a commercial organization, the stand taken by Exxon cannot be refuted. Unless a clear evidence and scientific reasoning of the global warming is not related to the specific industrial emissions , it would be impossible for a commercial operator to limit their operations when their role as environmental culprit is still unproven. Hence, from the business perspective the action of Exxon cannot considered as unethical but could be branded as environmentally indifferent organization due to the dubious role for mobilizing other industrial owners for their own specific

The nature of absolute truth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The nature of absolute truth - Essay Example The paper tells that an absolute truth is something that happens to be a universal truth. However, the thing that needs to be understood is that before proceeding to delve into the practical nature of absolute truth the thing that needs to be understood is that humans arrive at an absolute truth through two aspects: The input that the humans gather from the outside world through their sensory organs like eyes, ears, skin, etc. The processing of these inputs in the human brain by correlating it to the past experiences. It does need to be understood that within the realm of metaphysics, absolute truth is open to argumentative challenges. However, defining and explaining absolute truth is much easier and readily feasible within the realm of the physical. For instance, consider a person who has a pet cat at one’s home. The fact that this person has a pet cat in his home is an absolute truth. People may differ with regards to the subjective endowments ascribed to that cat. For instance, say somebody says that this individual has the most beautiful cat in the world as his pet. Many people may disagree that this cat is the most beautiful cat in the world. Some may say that the cat is indeed very beautiful. Some may agree to the contrary that the cat is indeed ugly and repulsive. However, no one will disagree with the fact that this person has got a pet in his house that is definitely a cat. Thereby the fact that this pet is a cat is an absolute truth. If somebody says that this pet is a dog. It is not true. If somebody says that this pet is a tiger.